黑龙江气候变暖的时空变化特征   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

潘华盛  张桂华 《黑龙江气象》2002,(3):3-6,11

进入80年代以来，黑龙江气温明显变暖，近120年来年平均气温上升1.4℃，春季次之，气温突变在1990年前后，从年、各季平均气温变化趋势与全国北半球及全球气温变化进行比较，年及冬季我国增暖中心在黑龙江，春季增暖中心在内蒙古北部及黑龙江省；夏秋增暖不明显，但仍有上升趋势，近50年来，50～70年代黑龙江省及全国各大区域普遍增暖不明显，80年代开始黑龙江省增暖明显，三北地区次之，90年代黑龙江增暖更加明显，而全国及其他区域上升已达到80年代北方增温幅度，这里从黑龙江变暖的事实，突变时间，与全球、北半球、全国区域的气温及雪盖海温变化关系来揭示黑龙江气候变化的时空特点。  相似文献   

A mathematical hysteretic model for elastomeric isolation bearings     

J. S. Hwang  J. D. Wu  T.‐C. Pan  G. Yang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(4):771-789

An analytical model for high damping elastomeric isolation bearings is presented in this paper. The model is used to describe mathematically the damping force and restoring force of the rubber material and bearing. Ten parameters to be identified from cyclic loading tests are included in the model. The sensitivity of the ten parameters in affecting the model is examined. These ten parameters are functions of a number of influence factors on the elastomer such as the rubber compound, Mullins effect, scragging effect, frequency, temperature and axial load. In this study, however, only the Mullins effect, scragging effect, frequency and temperature are investigated. Both material tests and shaking table tests were performed to validate the proposed model. Based on the comparison between the experimental and the analytical results, it is found that the proposed analytical model is capable of predicting the shear force–displacement hysteresis very accurately for both rubber material and bearing under cyclic loading reversals. The seismic response time histories of the bearing can also be captured, using the proposed analytical model, with a practically acceptable precision. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

湘中锑(金)矿床成矿物质来源——Ⅰ.微量元素及其实验地球化学证据   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

马东升  潘家永  解庆林  何江 《矿床地质》2002,21(4):366-376

为了查明湘中盆地中-低温梯（金）矿床的成矿物质来源，文章应用高分辨率ICP-MS、ICP-AES等方法对岩石与矿石进行了系统测定，并结合作者以往分析数据和实验地球化学结果，对该区盆地及周边基底地层与矿床中的微量元素分布特征及其水/岩反应效应进行了综合分析和系统研究。结果表明：Sb、Au等成矿元素在元古界基底碎屑岩中具有高的背景含量，在近似成矿条件下的水/岩反应实验中，成矿元素的淋出率达20%～90%，元古界基底碎屑岩中的金（锑、钨）矿床的周围蚀变围岩中出现明显的金负异常区。而盆地内泥盆系统地层中的高锑含量仅局限于锑矿床（化）及其蚀变围岩中；湘中锑（金）矿床中的矿石与基底碎屑岩具有相似的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线特征，以上微量元素地球化学特征充分证明该区锑（金）矿床锑、金等成矿物质主要来源于元古界底碎屑岩。  相似文献   

Estimation of azimuth and slowness of tele-seismic signals recorded by a local seismic network     

靳平  潘常周 《地震学报(英文版)》2002,15(6):646-655

Introduction The azimuth and slowness are two major features of seismic signals. The accurate estimation of them is quite important for both phase identification and event location. Generally, there are two types of seismic stations, i.e. 3-component stations (3C) and arrays. To estimate the two direc-tional parameters, the polarization analysis (Jurkevics, 1988) is commonly used for 3C stations and the frequency-wavenumber spectrum analysis ( f-k) (Capon, 1969; Kvaerna, Doornbos, 1986) is …  相似文献   

由地方台网记录确定远震信号的方位角和慢度          下载免费PDF全文

靳平  潘常洲 《地震学报》2002,24(6):617-626

介绍一种新的适合于地方遥测台网数据处理的方法，估算远震信号到达台站的方位角和慢度．该方法是根据信号在各台站上的到时与台站位置矢量在信号传播方向上的投影之间的相关性的原理．实际分析结果表明，应用该方法对地方台网的记录进行处理时可以准确地计算出信号的方位角和慢度，并能准确快捷地对地方台网记录的远震信号进行解释．   相似文献   

基于遥感的黄河三角洲蒸散的动态分析     

潘志强  刘高焕  周成虎 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):408-415

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important parameter for water resource management. Compared to the traditional ET computation and measurement methods, the ET computation method based on remote sensing has the advantages of quickness, precision, raster mapping and regional scale. SEBAL, an ET computation model using remote sensing method is based on the surface energy balance equation which is a function of net radiance flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux. The former three fluxes can be computed through the parameters retrieved from remote sensing image, then the latent heat flux can be obtained to provide energy for ET. Finally we can obtain the daily ET. In this study SEBAL was applied to compute ET in the Yellow River Delta of China where water resource faces a rigorous situation. Three Landsat TM images and meteorology data of 1999 were used for ET computation, and spatial and temporal change patterns of ET in the Yellow River Delta were analysed.  相似文献   

铅锌矿山开发导致的重金属在环境介质中的积累   总被引：35，自引：4，他引：35  

杨元根  刘丛强  张国平  吴攀  朱维晃 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2003,22(4):305-309

以连续提取法和相关性分析研究了土法冶炼锌、铅锌和矿山开采导致的重金属在废渣及环境介质土壤、溪流沉积物中的积累，并分析了其环境危害性。结果显示，贵州赫章土法炼锌导致的重金属Pb、Zn、Cd在环境介质中的积累相当高。水城杉树林铅锌矿山开采引起的重金属积累则相对较低，但也明显高于背景值；土壤和沉积物中的铁矿物对重金属有强烈的固定作用。除残渣态外，Pb、Zn在土壤、炼锌废渣中主要呈铁锰氧化物结合态，沉积物中则为碳酸盐结合态。可交换态Pb、Zn含量变异较大，但在炼锌废渣、土壤中含量明显高于河流沉积物，暗示铅锌矿开发对土壤环境的潜在危害更大。  相似文献   

成都市农业区划与城市生态环境保护构想   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱礼学  范晓  刘志祥 《四川地质学报》2003,23(1):31-35

扼要介绍了成都市区域土壤多目标地球化学调查的新近展，从地球化学和农业生态的角度论述了成都市农业区划发展构想，并探讨人工生态系统与城市生态环保建设的模式与构想建议。  相似文献   

System identification of linear structures based on Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis. Part 2: Complex modes     

Jann N. Yang  Ying Lei  Shuwen Pan  Norden Huang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(10):1533-1554

A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

从激光扫描数据中进行建筑物特征提取研究   总被引：42，自引：4，他引：42  

李必军  方志祥  任娟 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(1):65-70

提出了一套基于建筑物几何特征的信息挖掘方案，并具体介绍了研究中采用的一些原理、方法与实用算法，从而可以直接从激光扫描数据中提取建筑物的平面外轮廓信息。利用本方案对车载激光扫描系统获取的城市建筑物试验数据进行了具体的处理，并给出了三维建模和可视化表达结果。  相似文献